Damiana

(Turnera diffusa)

Family: Turneraceae
Genus: Turnera
Species: diffusa, aphrodisiac
Synonyms: Turnera microphylla
Common names: Damiana, Damian, oreganillo, the bourrique, Mexican Damiana, Mexican holly, Damiana de Guerrero
Phyto-chemical elements: 8-Cineole, 5-hydroxy-7, 3 ',4-trimethoxyflavone, Albuminoids, copaene-Alpha, Alpha-pinene, Arbutin, Ascorbic-acid, Beta-pinene, Beta-sitosterol, Calamenene, Chlorophyll, Chromium, Damianin, gamma-cadinene, Gonzalitosin-i, Hexacosanol-1, Magnesium, Manganese, Niacin, P-cymol, Potassium, Resin, Riboflavin, Selenium, Silicon, tannins, Thiamin, Thymol, Triacontane, Zinc,
Parts Used: Aerial parts, leaves

PROPERTY 'AND ACTIONS

Main actions:

* Increases libido
* Alleviates depression
* Reduces blood sugar
* Calms nerves

Other actions:

* Reduces spasms
* Dries secretions
* Stimulates digestion
* Increases the diuresis
* Slightly laxative

Assay standards:
Sheet.
Infusion: 1 cup 2-3 times a day;
Fluid extract: 2-4 ml twice daily;
Capsules: 3-4 g twice a day.

Damiana is a small shrub that grows up to 1-2 meters in height and produces the aromatic leaves of 10-25 cm in length. The part of the plant that is used in herbal and folk medicine are the leaves. Damiana is found in Mexico, Central America and West Indies, as in other parts of South America.

The phyto-chemical composition of Damiana is complex and its components have not yet been fully identified. The leaves contain up to 1% volatile oil which constitutes at least 20 components. The leaves also contain tannins, flavonoids, beta-sitosterol, damianina (a brown bitter substance) and other glycosides. It's been documented that Damiana is not toxic to human health or to animals.

So far been conducted only one clinical study to verify the traditional use of this plant for sexual dysfunction and impotence. In 1999 a group of Italian researchers has Damiana is administered to rats is sexually potent than impotent. The extract had no effect on those sexually potent, but in others has increased the percentage of rats that achieved ejaculation and made them more sexually active. A U.S. patent was granted in 2002 for a combination of herbs including Damiana and was able to defeat the natural inhibitor of sexual response in men and took account of improved response and psychological effects. Another patent was granted for a combination of herbs for women, and researchers have claimed that Damiana may alleviate anxiety, depression, headaches during menstruation, and exhaustion, as well as helping to balance the levels and female hormonal control flushing. An in vitro study of 1998 has also shown that components of Damiana bind to receptors for progesterone in breast cancer cells, and this has led researchers to assume that Damiana has a neutral or anti-estrogen.

Another action that has been verified by research is that of depression of the central nervous system.
Similarly, it was studied the effect of Damiana for people suffering from diabetes. In 1984, Mexican researchers have reported the action of hypoglycaemia an infusion of leaves of the plant. A recent study (2002) however reported that an alcoholic extract of Damiana had no effect hypoglycaemia. This contrasting result might suggest that the active chemical against hyperglycaemia must be extracted from the plant according to the traditional process, using hot water, not with alcohol.

In traditional uses, the principal is to aphrodisiac, already recorded in the Mayan civilization, Damiana, which she wore for the dizziness and loss of balance.

But many other uses have been documented worldwide. As well as aphrodisiac, this plant is used as an antidepressant, tonic, diuretic, sedative cough and slight laxative. Also has a long history of use for depression, anxiety, sexual inadequacy, debilitation, enuresis, menstrual irregularities, gastric ulcers and constipation.


Below is a brief overview on the uses of etnomedici Damiani.

Bahamas: For birth, headache, menstrual irregularities, urinary insufficiency
Brazil: For albuminuria, alcoholism, anorexia, asthenia, bronchitis, constipation, convalescence, debilitation, diabetes, diarrhea, digestive problems, dyspepsia, fertility problems, disorders of the gall bladder, indigestion, impotence, kidney problems, malaria, nervousness, nocture, paralysis , respiratory disorders, rheumatism, syphilis, ulcers, incontinence, vaginal mucus, weakness, as aphrodisiac, diuretic and expectorant
Cuba: As an aphrodisiac, diuretic and stimulant menstrual
England: For anxiety, constipation, depression, dyspepsia, hypochondria, neurosis, sexual weakness, thymic problems, water retention
Germany: For depression, nervous weakness and as an aphrodisiac
Haiti: For colds, intestinal problems, venereal diseases and as an aphrodisiac
Mexico: For asthma, bronchitis, colds, constipation, cough, diabetes, dysentery, dyspepsia, sore ears, eye disorders, exhaustion, flu, headache, impotence, infections, infertility, inflammation, intestinal problems, malaria, menstrual disorders , nephritis, nervous disorders, neurosis, panacea, paralysis, stomach pain, syphilis, urinary problems, vaginal dryness, depression of the central nervous system, astringent, diuretic and expectorant
South America: For asthma, asthenia, bronchitis, cystitis, depression, impotence, urethritis, as an antiseptic, aphrodisiac, expectorant, laxative and stimulant
United States: For anxiety, constipation, cystitis, depression, frigidity, headaches, hypochondria, impotence, menstrual disorders, nervous disorders, sexual disorders, as adattogeno, aphrodisiac, diuretic, energy, expectorant, stimulant and tonic
Elsewhere: For anxiety, vesicular problems, childbirth, colds, cough, constipation, cystitis, weakness, depression, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, dyspepsia, fever, headache, flushing, impotence, infections, malaria, menopause, menstruation, nephritis, nervousness, neurasthenia, paralysis, ulcers, venereal diseases, as aphrodisiac, diuretic, expectorant, stimulant and tonic




DAMIANI

Primary method of preparation: infusion or capsules

Key actions (in order):
Aphrodisiac, antidepressant, depression of the central nervous system, anxiolytic, tonic (tones, balances and strengthens all bodily functions)

Main uses:

1. as a sexual stimulant for men and women treat erectile dysfunction and anorgasmia
2nd to tone, balance and strengthen the central nervous system and emotional stress, depression, anxiety
3rd as general hormonal balancing
4th for nervous stomach, colic and dyspepsia
5th for mood disorders (hypochondria, obsessive compulsive disorder, neurosis, paranoia, etc.).


Properties / actions documented by research:
Aphrodisiac, depression of the central nervous system

Other properties / actions documented by traditional
Anxiolytic, antidepressant, antiseptic, antispasmodic, cough suppression, aperiente (slightly laxative), astringent, bitter digestive stimulant, diuretic, expectorant, hormonal, nerve (balance / alma nerves), tonic (tones, balances and strengthens all the functions body)

Traditional preparation:
The traditional remedy requires 2-4 g of dried leaves infused in a cup of boiling water. Take 2-3 cups a day.
Alternatively, 2-4 ml of liquid extract or 3-4 g of powdered leaves in tablets or capsules to be taken twice a day.

Contraindications:

Damiana * may have a slight effect hypoglycaemia. Diabetics or those suffering from hypoglycemia should use this plant with caution and monitor glucose levels in blood.
* Do not use during pregnancy: it can have abortifacient effects

Interaction with drugs: None reported. However, could enhance the effects of antidiabetic and reduce the absorption of iron.

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